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United States presidential election debates, 2016

The 2016 United States presidential election debates are a series of debates being held for the 2016 U.S. presidential general election. The Commission on Presidential Debates (CPD), a bipartisan organization formed in 1987, organizes debates among the major presidential candidates.
The first presidential debate for the 2016 election took place on September 26, 2016. Two further presidential debates, and a sole vice-presidential debate, are also planned, in September and October 2016. All debates are to take place between 9 p.m. and 10:30 p.m. EDT (6 p.m. to 7:30 p.m. PDT).
The CPD set three criteria for eligibility: constitutional eligibility to become president; appearance on enough ballots to potentially reach 270 electoral votes; and a polling average at least 15% in five selected national polls. Four candidates achieved the first two criteria: Democratic nominee Hillary Clinton, Republican nominee Donald Trump, Green nominee Jill Stein and Libertariannominee Gary Johnson. Only Clinton and Trump also satisfy the third criterion of averaging at least 15% in five selected national polls, and thus were the only two to appear in the first of three debates.
The CPD debates take place at venues at university campuses around the United States. Moderators for the CPD debates were announced on September 2, 2016. Lester Holt moderated the first debate. Martha Raddatz and Anderson Cooper are set to co-moderate the second debate, and Chris Wallace to moderate the third. Elaine Quijano is to moderate the vice-presidential debate.
The Free & Equal Elections Foundation has organize one additional presidential debates, independently from the CPD's debates. Unlike the CPD's debates, this debates has no polling threshold for inclusion, and invites all candidates who are constitutional eligible to become president and appear on enough ballots to potentially reach 270 electoral votes. The four nominees who met these requirements (Clinton, Trump, Johnson, and Stein) were invited, although it is unlikely that Clinton and Trump will participate.

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Debate organizers

Commission on Presidential Debates

The CPD stipulates three criteria for eligibility for the presidential debates: constitutional eligibility to serve as president, appearance on enough ballots to potentially reach 270electoral votes, and an average at least 15% on five selected national polls.[1] For the vice-presidential debate, the running mates of the presidential candidates qualifying for the first presidential debate will be invited.[1] As of mid-September Hillary Clinton, Donald Trump, Gary Johnson, and Jill Stein are on enough ballots to reach 270 electoral votes; however, only Clinton and Trump have reached the 15% polling threshold.[2] As of August 2016, Johnson and Stein have polled as high as 13% and 7%, respectively, and have an average of 8.3% and 3%, respectively.[3]
On August 15, the CPD announced that it will use the most recent CBS/New York Times, Fox News, CNN/Opinion Research Corporation, NBC/Wall Street Journal, andABC/Washington Post polls for the debate criteria and that candidates must be at an average of 15% in these polls.[4][5]
On September 16, the commission announced the official invitation of both Clinton and Trump to participate in the first debate to be held on September 26 at Hofstra University, but Johnson and Stein did not meet the established criteria, and would not be participants in the debate.[6][7] The commission also confirmed that Clinton and Trump had committed to participate. It was also announced that Mike Pence and Tim Kaine would be participating in the only scheduled vice presidential debate, to take place at Longwood University on October 4.[6][7] The 15% threshold will be reapplied with polling numbers following the first debate in order to judge the participants in the second debate to take place on October 9.[7]
Moderators for the four debates were announced September 2, 2016.[8]
The first debate focused on national security, "achieving prosperity", and "America's direction". It was divided into six 15-minute segments on various topics.[9][10]

Free & Equal Elections Foundation

The Free & Equal Elections Foundation plans to host a single presidential debate in 2016. All presidential candidates with ballot access sufficient to represent a majority of electoral votes will be invited to participate.[11] It is to be held at the University of Colorado Boulder's Macky Auditorium on October 25, 2016.[12] The nominees of the Democratic,Republican, Libertarian, and Green are invited to participate in this debate.[12] In previous debates held by the Free and Equal Elections Foundation, the Democratic and Republican candidates have not participated.

Polling

First presidential debate

Poll
Date taken
Democratic
Republican
Libertarian
Green
Other/
Don't Know
Margin of
error
ABC/Washington Post[13]
September 19–22
46%
44%
5%
1%
4%
+/- 4.5%
NBC News/Wall Street Journal[14]
September 16–19
43%
37%
9%
3%
8%
+/- 3.2%
Fox News[15]
September 11–14
41%
40%
8%
3%
8%
+/- 3.0%
CBS/New York Times[16]
September 9–13
42%
42%
8%
4%
4%
+/- 3.0%
CNN/Opinion Research Corporation[17]
September 1–4
43%
45%
7%
2%
3%
+/- 3.5%
Average
N/A
43.0%
41.6%
7.4%
2.6%
5.4%
N/A

Debate list

All debates will run from 9:00 pm to 10:30 pm Eastern Time.[18]
United States presidential election debates, 2016
Date
Host
Location
Moderator(s)
1
September 26, 2016[7]
2
October 9, 2016
3
October 19, 2016
United States Vice-presidential election debates, 2016
Date
Host
Location
Moderator
1
October 4, 2016[7]

First presidential debate (Hofstra University)

Duration
95 min
Date
September 26, 2016
Venue
Location
Participants
Footage
Moderator
Transcript
Fact checking
Website
The first debate took place on Monday, September 26, at New York's Hofstra University, moderated by Lester Holt of NBC. It was originally scheduled to take place at Wright State University, but was changed because of security and financial concerns.[19]
Former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton
BusinessmanDonald Trump
New York

Format

The first presidential debate was divided into six segments, each of approximately 15 minutes in length. The questions discussed during the 90 minutes were at the sole discretion of the moderator, and were not shared beforehand with the commission, nor with either campaign. There were six 15-minute segments, with the moderator introducing a topic and giving each candidate two minutes, followed by approximately 8 minutes and 45 seconds of facilitated discussion between the two candidates, with both candidates receiving approximately equal time. Each candidate spoke in front of a podium. Besides applause at the beginning and end of the debate, there was no audience participation allowed, but sporadic applause occurred at various points throughout the 90 minutes.[20]
The segments were on the economy and job creation, trade, the federal deficit, race relations and policing, the war on terror, the foreign policy of the United States, and each candidate's experience in the political and business realm.[21]

Reception

A CNN/ORC poll of those who watched the debate found that 62% thought Clinton won, while 27% thought Trump won, but the poll suggested the audience leaned a bit more Democratic than the general population.[22] A poll conducted by Public Policy Polling found that 51% thought Clinton won the debate, while 40% thought Trump won.[23] A YouGov poll released after the debate found that 57% of Americans thought that Clinton won the debate, while 30% declared Trump the winner.[24] A panel of Los Angeles Times analysts consisting of Doyle McManus and two others found that Clinton won all six of the debate segments.[25] Among swing-state party officials and strategists surveyed by Politico 79% agreed that Trump lost the debate.[26]

Viewership

The debate set the record as the most-watched debate in American history, with 84 million viewers across the 13 channels that carried it live and were counted by Nielsen, surpassing the previous record of 80.6 million viewers set by the debate between Jimmy Carter andRonald Reagan in 1980. These numbers do not take into the millions of viewers who watched the debates online and the people who watched the debate at parties, bars, restaurants, and offices.[27]

Moderation

The performance of Lester Holt as moderator of the debate received mixed reaction, with political critics stating that Holt struggled to keep control of the debate, and although he challenged both candidates, Holt's repeated attempts to get the candidates to adhere to the time restrictions were ignored.[28]
Michael M. Grynbaum of The New York Times described Holt's performance by stating "He was silent for minutes at a time, allowing Hillary Clinton and Donald J. Trump to joust and bicker between themselves—and sometimes talk right over him—prompting some viewers to wonder if Mr. Holt had left the building." He continued, "Being less conspicuous often means attracting less criticism, and Mr. Holt's conservative approach seemed designed to avoid the opprobrium that befell his NBC colleague, Matt Lauer, whose performance at a forum this month was widely panned after he repeatedly interrupted Mrs. Clinton and failed to challenge Mr. Trump."[29] Hadas Gold of Politico wrote "Lester Holt was on an island on Monday night. And for most of the first presidential debate, he stayed there, letting the battleships of Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump shoot their missiles at one another. It made for some memorable exchanges between Trump and Clinton, matched in close-up on most networks. For some debate watchers, that’s what they want their moderators to do: say "go" and let them run. But it also left some gaps where viewers probably expected sharp questions."[30]

Vice presidential debate

Date
October 4, 2016
Venue
Location
Participants
Moderator
Website
The Vice presidential debate will take place on Tuesday, October 4 at Virginia's Longwood University, moderated by Elaine Quijanoof CBS.
Senator Tim Kaine
Governor Mike Pence

Format

The debate will consist of nine segments, each 10 minutes in length. The moderator will ask an opening question and each candidate will have two minutes to respond, with the remaining time to be used for a deeper discussion of the topic.

Second presidential debate

Date
October 9, 2016
Venue
Location
Participants
TBA
Moderator

Format

The debate will be conducted in a "town meeting" format. The Committee on Presidential Debates (CBD) stipulated that the Gallup Organization will select only "uncommitted voters" to attend.[31] The CBD had also originally stipulated that half of the questions were to be posed directly by citizen participants and the other half were to be posed by the moderators "based on topics of broad public interest as reflected in social media and other sources."[31] but it later revised the rules such that members of the public are able to create or vote for questions to be posed at the debate at Presidential Open Questions, although the moderators will have discretion on whether to accept them.[32]
Under the town meeting format, candidates will have two minutes to respond and there will be an additional minute for the moderator to facilitate further discussion.[31]





SOURCE: https://en.wikipedia.org/


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